Though scientific publications document sources in similar ways, the details of presenting source information vary from journal to journal. Most biologists, zoologists, earth scientists, geneticists, and other scientists use one of three systems of documentation specified in Scientific Style and Format: The CSE Manual for Authors, Editors, and Publishers.
In the Library Catalog: Scientific Style and Format
To learn more about this style, visit the CSA online manual.
CSE Style for a print book:
After the author(s) and title, give the place of publication, the name of the publisher, and the date of publication:
Melchias G. Biodiversity and conservation. Enfield (NH): Science; 2001.
CSE Style for an online article from a database:
Begin with the name of the author and the title of the article. Include the name of the journal, followed by the word “Internet” in brackets. Give the date of publication or the copyright date. Include in brackets the date the article was updated or modified, if any, and the date you accessed it, followed by a semicolon. Then provide the volume, issue, and page numbers. If the article is unpaginated, include in brackets the number or an estimated number of pages, screens, paragraphs, lines, or bytes. Write “Available from:” and the URL.
Isaacs FJ, Blake WJ, Collins JJ. Signal processing in single cells. Science [Internet]. 2005 Mar 25 [cited 2009 Jun 17];307(5717): 1886-1888. Available from: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/307/5717/1886
The Chicago citation style is used by History and some Social Science disciplines.
At the library: The Chicago Manual of Style
Online: The Chicago Manual of Style
Chicago style format for citing an article in journal:
Chicago style format for citing a book:
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APA citation style is used by many Physical and Social Science disciplines.
At the library: Publication manual of the American Psychological Association
Visit Purdue OWL to learn more.
APA format for citing an article in journal:
APA format for citing a book:
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Zotero is a tool for collecting, managing, and citing sources. You can install it on your computer and also access your personal database of sources online.
Proper Use of Sources Tutorial: Here, you will find information on the different forms of plagiarism, proper scholarly procedure, and links to helpful websites for further information. Always remember that your best resource is your professor so don’t hesitate to consult them to figure out what is and is not appropriate in each case.
